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The status, barriers, challenges and future of 4D printing in design and engineering

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A duo presentation by Frederic Demoly, Associate Professor at Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UTBM and Jean-Claude Andre, CNRS.

Over the past decades, the combination of technical/scientific advances in additive manufacturing (AM) and smart materials (SMs) domains has enabled the booming development of a new interdisciplinary converging research area: 4D printing.

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4D printing of bioinspired hygromorph natural fibre composite : Green and Smart functionalities

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A presentation by Antoine le Duigou is Associate-Professor in Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lome at Université de Bretagne Sud (Lorient France).

This presentation proposes a critical overview of the current state of 4D printing of hygromorph biocomposites for stimuli-responsive applications.
Hygromorph BioComposites (HBC) are categorized into a new class of smart materials that could be used for 4D printing of shape-changing mechanisms. Fibre anisotropic properties, fibre content and their orientation, polymer stiffness are material parameters that control the morphing. Slicing parameters during 4D printing such as Layer Height and various Interfilament Distance enable a programmation of the hygromorph biocomposites response. The potential of sequential complex actuation will be discussed.

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